​By Attorney Kelly Rains Jesson

​Naming a guardian for minor children is one of the top reasons why a parent engages in estate planning. The only way to name a guardian for a minor child in the state of North Carolina is in a will (N.C.G.S. § 35A-1225(a) references “last will and testament” but does not mention any other document). So, making it a Facebook status or writing it on a cocktail napkin before a trip is not going to cut it.

Even though the statute states that the guardian named by the parent is a “recommendation” that serves as a “strong guide” to the clerk, court history shows that the clerk almost always will appoint the guardian named in the will, unless it’s not in the best interests of the child (for example, if the named guardian was a drug addict, felon, or incapacitated). The North Carolina legislature wrote that “[p]arents are presumed to know the best interest of their children.”

We recommend that parents agree on their choice of guardian in the event they both pass at the same time. If they name different guardians in their respective wills, there could be a dispute over who would serve, which defeats the purpose of naming a guardian in the will in the first place. However, a long-surviving spouse may update his/her will after the first spouse passes away. If that is the case, the court will appoint the guardian named in the will with the latest date.
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If you or someone you know needs help creating a will and naming a guardian for minor children, give Jesson & Rains a call!

By Associate Attorney Danielle Nodar

The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), the strictest U.S. law regulating consumer data privacy, became effective on January 1, 2020. Even though the CCPA protects California consumers only, North Carolina business owners with E-Commerce businesses should take note because the law may apply to their business. The law applies to a business “doing business in California,” which includes selling goods or services to California residents even if the business is not physically located in California.

The CCPA gives California consumers certain rights to their data privacy, including the right to know what kinds of personal data a business collects, uses, shares, or sells to third-parties. Consumers will also have a right to request that a business delete any personal data kept on the consumer or prohibit the sale of personal data to third parties. The CCPA also protects a consumer with guarantees that a business will not penalize the customer with higher prices or lower levels of service if they request information regarding their data or data deletion.
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A business must comply with the CCPA’s data privacy requirements if it collects and sells consumer personal information of a California resident or discloses personal data for a business purpose. “Personal information” is broadly described as “information that identifies, relates to, describes, is capable of being associated with, or could reasonably be linked, directly or indirectly, with a particular California resident or household.” This includes many identifiers such as name, address, social security number, email address, IP address, and geolocation data.

Since CCPA doesn’t just apply if a company sells data, it is important to understand how “business purpose” is interpreted under the statute. The CCPA defines “business purpose” as “the use of personal information for the business’ or a service provider’s operational purposes, or other notified purposes, provided that the use of personal information shall be reasonably necessary and proportionate to achieve the operational purpose for which the personal information was collected or processed or for another operational purpose that is compatible with the context in which the personal information was collected.” Some examples include 1) to fulfill the reason the information was provided (i.e. to provide the requested product or service); 2) administer websites; 3) perform market research; 4) advertise products and determine effectiveness of such marketing; 5) internal research for technological and business development; 6) debugging and repairing errors on websites; and 7) detecting against security incidents, including fraudulent or illegal activity.

Luckily, there is an exception for small businesses. For CCPA to apply, businesses must meet at least one of the following requirements: 1) Businesses with a gross annual revenue of $25 million or more; or 2) Businesses that possess personal data from 50,000 or more individuals, households, or devices; or 3) Businesses with at least 50% of their annual revenue earned from the sale of personal data.

If a business is subject to the requirements of CCPA, there are some steps that can be taken to ensure compliance. Prior to collecting data from consumers, businesses must inform the consumers of the categories of personal information the company collects and for what purposes the company uses the information. Companies must also provide consumers with at least two designated methods for submitting requests for information, including a toll-free telephone number and, if the business has a website, a website address. The business also must ensure it has protocols in place to respond to such requests free and within 45 days of receiving a verifiable request. The company must also maintain records of all requests made and how the company responded. A business can provide this type of information to consumers with an updated, comprehensive privacy policy that is easily accessible to consumers on the company’s website.
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If you believe that you may need to make your business CCPA compliant, contact Jesson and Rains for help with understanding and complying with these new data privacy regulations.